Growing substrate in containerised nurseries supplies water, oxygen, mineral nutrients and physical support to the plants.

To achieve the characteristics of an ideal substrate for containerised plant production, organic and inorganic
components are generally mixed together. Organic components include peat moss and composted organic materials e.g. bark, saw dust, rice husk, coconut husk and sugar cane bagasse. Inorganic components include Perlite, vermiculite and other inorganic materials e.g. sand, pumice, rock wool and polystyrene flakes. Additives such as slow-release fertilisers or dolomitic lime (for pH correction) can also be added to the mix.

Even and homogeneous mixing of these components ensures an increase in seed germination rate, rooting
success with cuttings and even development of plants in the nursery, minimising losses.